Regulation of large-scale batteries

Commissioned by ECO STOR

Alexander Neef, Anselm Eicke, Lion Hirth

2026

Regulators, grid operators, and the German government are developing rules for utility-scale batteries in parallel but largely uncoordinated ways – grid fees, technical connection requirements, flexible connection agreements. This creates the risk of contradictory measures and regulatory uncertainty that raises capital costs. For battery developer ECO STOR, we are developing a coherent set of incentives, rules, and restrictions that ensures grid-supportive battery operation while preserving investment incentives, including dynamic grid fees, ramping requirements, and battery redispatch. This report was originally published in German.